Methods and Apparatus for Real-Time Monitoring of Cadmium Ion During Solution Growth of Cadmium Sulfide Thin Films

Ion molarity is monitored in real-time when manufacturing a cadmium sulfide film for a solar cell. Monitoring the molarity of cadmium ions results in improved efficiency of the cadmium sulfide thin film. A reaction chamber with an anion-selective electrode monitors the cadmium ions in solution during formation of the solar cell layer. Patent issued. Chao Zhang czhang3@utep.edu 915-747-6717

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